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İngilizce İngilizce Yunanca

36 There is another tale current among the Egyptians, that Apopis, brother of the Sun, made Avar upon Zeus, and that because Osiris espoused Zeus’s cause and helped him to overthrow his enemy, Zeus adopted Osiris as his son and gave him the name of Dionysus. It may be demonstrated that the legend contained in this tale has some approximation to truth so far as Nature is concerned; for the Egyptians apply the name Zeus to the wind, Cf. Diodorus, i. 12. 2. and whatever is dry or fiery is antagonistic to this. This is not the Sun, but it has some kinship with the Sun; and the moisture, by doing away with the excess of dryness, increases and strengthens the exhalations by which the wind is fostered and made vigorous.

37 Moreover, the Greeks are wont to consecrate the ivyDiodorus, i. 17. 4. to Dionysus, and it is said that among the Egyptians the name for ivy is chenosiris, the meaning of the name being, as they say, the plant of Osiris. Now, Ariston,Müller, Frag. Hist. Graec. iii. p. 324. the author of Athenian Colonization, happened upon a letter of Alexarchus, in which it is recorded that Dionysus was the son of Zeus and Isis, and is called not Osiris, but Arsaphes, spelled with an a, the name denoting virility. Hermaeus, Ibid. iv. p. 427. too, makes this statement in the first volume of his book The Egyptians; for he says that Osiris, properly interpreted, means sturdy. I leave out of account Mnaseas’s Ibid. iii. p. 155. annexation of Dionysus, Osiris, andSerapis to Epaphus, as well as Anticleides’ Cf. Jacoby, Frag. Gr. Hist. 140, no. 13. statement that Isis was the daughter of Prometheus Cf. 352 a, supra. and was wedded to Dionysus. Cf. Herodotus, ii. 156. The fact is that the peculiarities already mentioned regarding the festival and sacrifices carry a conviction more manifest than any testimony of authorities.

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