Book 3
1
Thus our argument has clearly shownThis chapter is an excellent example of Galen's method of reasoning a priori. The complementary inductive method, however, is employed in the enxt chapter. cf. p. 209, note 1. the necessity for the genesis of such a faculty, and whoever has an appreciation of logical sequence must be firmly persuaded from what we have said that, if it be laid down and proved by previous demonstration that Nature is artistic and solicitous for the animal's welfare, it necessarily follows that she must also possess a faculty of this kind.
PART 2
2
Since, however, it is not our habit to employ this kind of demonstrationThe deductive. alone, but to add thereto cogent and compelling proofs drawn from obvious facts, we will also proceed to the latter kind in the present instance: we will demonstrate that in certain parts of the body the retentive faculty is so obvious that its operation can be actually recognised by the senses, whilst in other parts it is less obvious to the senses, but is capable even here of being detected by the argument. The logos is the argument or theory arrived at by the process of λογικὴ θεωρία or theorizing; cf. p. 151, note 3; p. 205, note 1.
2
Let us begin our exposition, then, by first dealing systematically for a while with certain definite parts of the body, in reference to which we may accurately test and enquire what sort of thing the retentive faculty is.
2
Now, could one begin the enquiry in any better way than with the largest and hollowest organs? Personally I do not think one could. It is to be expected that in these, owing to their size, the activities will show quite clearly, whereas with respect to the small organs, even if they possess a strong faculty of this kind, its activation will not at once be recognisable to sense.
