Λιβυκή

Satırlar

1.1 – 1.1 1.2 – 1.2 1.3 – 1.3 1.4 – 1.4 1.5 – 1.5 2.6 – 2.6 2.7 – 2.7 2.8 – 2.9 2.10 – 2.10 2.11 – 2.11 2.12 – 2.12 3.13 – 3.13 3.14 – 3.14 3.15 – 3.15 3.16 – 3.17 3.18 – 4.19 4.20 – 4.20 4.21 – 4.21 4.22 – 4.23 4.24 – 4.24 4.25 – 4.25 5.26 – 5.26 5.27 – 5.27 5.28 – 5.28 5.29 – 5.29 5.30 – 5.30 6.31 – 6.31 6.32 – 6.32 6.33 – 6.33 6.34 – 6.34 6.35 – 6.36 6.37 – 6.37 7.38 – 7.38 7.39 – 7.39 7.40 – 7.40 7.41 – 7.41 7.42 – 7.42 7.43 – 7.43 7.44 – 7.44 7.45 – 7.45 7.46 – 7.46 7.47 – 7.47 8.48 – 8.49 8.50 – 8.50 8.51 – 8.51 8.52 – 8.52 8.53 – 8.53 8.54 – 8.54 9.55 – 9.55 9.56 – 9.56 9.57 – 9.57 9.58 – 9.58 9.59 – 9.59 9.60 – 9.60 9.61 – 9.61 9.62 – 9.62 9.63 – 9.63 9.64 – 9.64 9.65 – 9.65 9.66 – 9.66 10.67 – 10.67 10.68 – 10.68 10.69 – 10.69 10.70 – 10.70 10.71 – 10.71 10.72 – 10.72 10.73 – 10.73 11.74 – 11.74 11.75 – 11.75 11.76 – 11.76 11.77 – 11.77 11.78 – 11.78 11.79 – 11.79 12.80 – 12.80 12.81 – 12.81 12.82 – 12.82 12.83 – 12.83 12.84 – 12.84 12.85 – 12.85 12.86 – 12.86 12.87 – 12.87 12.88 – 12.88 12.89 – 12.89 13.90 – 13.90 13.91 – 13.91 13.92 – 13.92 13.93 – 13.93 13.94 – 13.94 14.95 – 14.95 14.96 – 14.96 14.97 – 14.97 14.98 – 14.98 14.99 – 14.99 14.100 – 14.100 15.101 – 15.101 15.102 – 15.102 15.103 – 15.103 15.104 – 15.104 16.105 – 16.105 16.106 – 16.106 16.107 – 16.107 16.108 – 16.108 16.109 – 16.109 16.110 – 16.110 16.111 – 16.111 17.112 – 17.112 17.113 – 17.113 17.114 – 17.114 17.115 – 17.115 17.116 – 17.116 18.117 – 18.117 18.118 – 18.118 18.119 – 18.119 18.120 – 18.120 18.121 – 18.121 18.122 – 18.122 18.123 – 18.123 18.124 – 18.124 18.125 – 18.125 18.126 – 18.126 19.127 – 19.127 19.128 – 19.128 19.129 – 19.129 19.130 – 19.130 19.131 – 19.131 19.132 – 19.132 20.133 – 20.133 20.134 – 20.134 20.135 – 20.135 20.136 – Appendix_A. Appendix_A. – Appendix_A. Appendix_A. – Appendix_A. Appendix_A. – Appendix_A. Appendix_B. – Appendix_B. Appendix_B. – Appendix_B. Appendix_B. – Appendix_B.

İngilizce Yunanca

Appendix_B. The following sketch of the present appearance of the site of ancient Carthage is from the pen of the Rt. Hon. James Bryce, M.P.: —

Appendix_B. At the extremity of a peninsula stretching eight or ten miles into the Mediterranean, and connected with the mainland by a flat isthmus, across which the sea must once have flowed, there is a ridge of hills, forming a sort of semicircle some four miles long, with its convex turned toward the sea, and rising at its highest point to about 400 feet. The sea under the hills is deep and sheltered from the northwest, the quarter whence most high winds come, while toward the land the neck of the peninsula, even now only some three miles wide, and 2500 years ago probably much narrower, makes the defence of a settlement upon the hills comparatively easy. It was at the southern extremity of this line of hills that the Tyrian founders of Carthage planted their settlement, and the last eminence or hummock toward the south became their citadel or Bozrah (for Bozrah seems to be the true Phœnician form of the word which the Greek and Roman authors have written Byrsa). This hummock rises about 200 feet above the sea, from which its base is a quarter of a mile distant. It is steep towards the sea on the east and the south, while sloping more gently towards the west. On it and around its base the city arose. The ports were excavated beneath it to the southeast, and were easily made large enough (the ground being partly alluvial and the rock soft) to contain a large fleet and many merchant vessels. Thus the position was both convenient and strong. The citadel defended the ports, and while the citadel was surrounded by a wall of its own, the city, stretching along the line of eminences to the north, had also an enclosing wall of its own, and thus gave a double protection to the citadel on the sides (north and west) where the acclivities were gentle.

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