Kitap 8
2
Again, since A by multiplying B has made D, and B by multiplying itself has made E, therefore the numbers A, B by multiplying B have made the numbers D, E respectively.
2
Therefore, as A is to B, so is D to E. [VII. 18]
2
But, as A is to B, so is C to D; therefore also, as C is to D, so is D to E.
2
And, since A by multiplying C, D has made F, G, therefore, as C is to D, so is F to G. [VII. 17]
2
But, as C is to D, so was A to B; therefore also, as A is to B, so is F to G.
2
Again, since A by multiplying D, E has made G, H, therefore, as D is to E, so is G to H. [VII. 17]
2
But, as D is to E, so is A to B.
2
Therefore also, as A is to B, so is G to H.
2
And, since A, B by multiplying E have made H, K, therefore, as A is to B, so is H to K. [VII. 18]
2
But, as A is to B, so is F to G, and G to H.
2
Therefore also, as F is to G, so is G to H, and H to K; therefore C, D, E, and F, G, H, K are proportional in the ratio of A to B.
2
I say next that they are the least numbers that are so.
2
For, since A, B are the least of those which have the same ratio with them, and the least of those which have the same ratio are prime to one another, [VII. 22] therefore A, B are prime to one another.
2
And the numbers A, B by multiplying themselves respectively have made the numbers C, E, and by multiplying the numbers C, E respectively have made the numbers F, K; therefore C, E and F, K are prime to one another respectively. [VII. 27]
2
But, if there be as many numbers as we please in continued proportion, and the extremes of them be prime to one another, they are the least of those which have the same ratio with them. [VIII. 1]
2
Therefore C, D, E and F, G, H, K are the least of those which have the same ratio with A, B. Q. E. D.
2
Porism. From this it is manifest that, if three numbers in continued proportion be the least of those which have the same ratio with them, the extremes of them are squares, and, if four numbers, cubes.
PROPOSITION 3.
